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Lengua Castellana y LiteraturaLengua Castellana y Literatura355 views·Updated Jun 17, 2026·2 pages

Figuras Literarias y Tópicos en los Géneros Literarios

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Alba@aalbaa

¿Te cuesta entender la poesía y las figuras literarias? En...

1
of 2
POEMAS

•SINALEFA • HIATO • SINERESIS oil.

• ACENTO DE LAS • DIERESIS 281.
ÚLTIMAS PALABRAS

• Verso suelto todos rimanese • Verso blanco m

Métrica y Figuras Literarias

La métrica es la música de la poesía. Tienes que conocer conceptos como sinalefa (unir vocales entre palabras), hiato (separarlas), sínéresis y diéresis para contar sílabas correctamente.

Las figuras fónicas juegan con los sonidos. La aliteración repite sonidos para crear ritmo, mientras que la onomatopeya imita ruidos reales. El retruécano cambia el orden de las palabras como "árbol verde... verde árbol".

Las figuras morfosintácticas alteran la estructura normal. El hipérbaton cambia el orden sujeto-predicado, la anáfora repite palabras al inicio de versos, y la epífora las repite al final. También tienes el asíndeton (sin conjunciones) y polisíndeton (muchas conjunciones).

¡Truco! Para recordar anáfora vs epífora: "Ana" empieza por "A" = principio, "Epi" suena a "epilogo" = final.

2
of 2
POEMAS

•SINALEFA • HIATO • SINERESIS oil.

• ACENTO DE LAS • DIERESIS 281.
ÚLTIMAS PALABRAS

• Verso suelto todos rimanese • Verso blanco m

Figuras Semánticas, Géneros y Tópicos

Las figuras semánticas juegan con el significado. La metáfora compara sin "como", el símil usa "como" o "parecido a". La hipérbole exagera, la personificación da cualidades humanas, y la ironía dice lo contrario de lo que piensa.

Los géneros literarios se dividen en tres grandes grupos. Lírico (sentimientos del poeta): odas, elegías, églogas. Narrativo (cuenta historias): epopeyas, romances, novelas. Dramático (teatro): tragedias (final malo), comedias (final bueno), dramas (intermedio).

Los tópicos literarios son temas universales que aparecen constantemente. Carpe diem significa "aprovecha el momento", tempus fugit que "el tiempo vuela", y locus amoenus describe un lugar idílico. Beatus ille alaba la vida tranquila del campo frente al estrés urbano.

¡Dato curioso! Muchos tópicos vienen del latín porque los autores clásicos ya escribían sobre los mismos temas que nos preocupan hoy.

We thought you’d never ask...

What is the Knowunity AI companion?

Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.

Where can I download the Knowunity app?

You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.

Is Knowunity really free of charge?

That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.

Most popular content: Símbolo

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Most popular content in Lengua Castellana y Literatura

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Most popular content

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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.6/5App Store
4.7/5Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan SiOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha KlichAndroid user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

AnnaiOS user
Lengua Castellana y LiteraturaLengua Castellana y Literatura355 views·Updated Jun 17, 2026·2 pages

Figuras Literarias y Tópicos en los Géneros Literarios

user profile picture
Alba@aalbaa

¿Te cuesta entender la poesía y las figuras literarias? En realidad, son herramientas súper útiles que los autores usan para crear efectos especiales en sus textos. Vamos a ver de forma sencilla todo lo que necesitas saber sobre métrica, figuras...

1
of 2
POEMAS

•SINALEFA • HIATO • SINERESIS oil.

• ACENTO DE LAS • DIERESIS 281.
ÚLTIMAS PALABRAS

• Verso suelto todos rimanese • Verso blanco m

Sign up to see the content. It's free!

  • Access to all documents
  • Improve your grades
  • Join milions of students

Métrica y Figuras Literarias

La métrica es la música de la poesía. Tienes que conocer conceptos como sinalefa (unir vocales entre palabras), hiato (separarlas), sínéresis y diéresis para contar sílabas correctamente.

Las figuras fónicas juegan con los sonidos. La aliteración repite sonidos para crear ritmo, mientras que la onomatopeya imita ruidos reales. El retruécano cambia el orden de las palabras como "árbol verde... verde árbol".

Las figuras morfosintácticas alteran la estructura normal. El hipérbaton cambia el orden sujeto-predicado, la anáfora repite palabras al inicio de versos, y la epífora las repite al final. También tienes el asíndeton (sin conjunciones) y polisíndeton (muchas conjunciones).

¡Truco! Para recordar anáfora vs epífora: "Ana" empieza por "A" = principio, "Epi" suena a "epilogo" = final.

2
of 2
POEMAS

•SINALEFA • HIATO • SINERESIS oil.

• ACENTO DE LAS • DIERESIS 281.
ÚLTIMAS PALABRAS

• Verso suelto todos rimanese • Verso blanco m

Sign up to see the content. It's free!

  • Access to all documents
  • Improve your grades
  • Join milions of students

Figuras Semánticas, Géneros y Tópicos

Las figuras semánticas juegan con el significado. La metáfora compara sin "como", el símil usa "como" o "parecido a". La hipérbole exagera, la personificación da cualidades humanas, y la ironía dice lo contrario de lo que piensa.

Los géneros literarios se dividen en tres grandes grupos. Lírico (sentimientos del poeta): odas, elegías, églogas. Narrativo (cuenta historias): epopeyas, romances, novelas. Dramático (teatro): tragedias (final malo), comedias (final bueno), dramas (intermedio).

Los tópicos literarios son temas universales que aparecen constantemente. Carpe diem significa "aprovecha el momento", tempus fugit que "el tiempo vuela", y locus amoenus describe un lugar idílico. Beatus ille alaba la vida tranquila del campo frente al estrés urbano.

¡Dato curioso! Muchos tópicos vienen del latín porque los autores clásicos ya escribían sobre los mismos temas que nos preocupan hoy.

We thought you’d never ask...

What is the Knowunity AI companion?

Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.

Where can I download the Knowunity app?

You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.

Is Knowunity really free of charge?

That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.

Most popular content: Símbolo

9

Most popular content in Lengua Castellana y Literatura

9

Most popular content

9

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.6/5App Store
4.7/5Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan SiOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha KlichAndroid user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

AnnaiOS user